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Why airships might make a comeback

Derek Muller makes a case that's been strangely absent from transportation discourse: airships aren't just relics of a failed past — they're the missing piece of global logistics. The video's core argument isn't about nostalgia but economics, and it's built on a simple observation that most people have never considered.

"Think about how goods are transported around the US... trucks take several days to get across the country... they are like the baby bear's porridge of transport options — just right."

This is the hook. Muller identifies what he calls the "sweet spot" of transportation — cheap enough and fast enough — that trucks occupy. The argument pivots on a simple question: what if there were a third option faster than ships and cheaper than planes? He argues airships could be exactly that.

Why airships might make a comeback

The Economics That Nobody's Talking About

The video walks through the transportation hierarchy with precision. Air transport is "the fastest way to get something from one place to another but you pay a premium for that speed." Ocean freight is significantly cheaper, rail faster than ships and cheaper than planes. But trucks — neither as fast as planes nor as cheap as ships — occupy this magic middle ground that moves the vast majority of goods.

Muller then applies the same logic internationally: "The only options are planes and ships again a lot of money is spent sending Goods by air but because it's so expensive the actual volume of goods is low." The gap he identifies is real. Two options, no in-between. Airships could fill that void.

"It seems likely that most customers would prefer this new truck-like method of transport."

The elegance here is in how he frames it — not as technology revivalism but as market gap identification. This isn't a pitch for zeppelins; it's a supply-demand argument dressed in hydrogen and helium.

The Physics That Makes It Possible

What distinguishes this video from typical tech hype is Muller's willingness to engage the mathematics. He explains that lift depends on volume — proportional to radius cubed — while drag only scales with surface area, proportional to radius squared. This creates what he calls "the cubed-squared advantage."

"The bigger you make an Airship the more efficient it becomes... if that's not enough just double it again."

He's describing exponential efficiency gains that apply to any larger airships. The physics isn't speculative — it's the reason cargo airships become viable at scale. This is where the argument gains credibility. Muller isn't just hoping for better materials; he's showing why larger airships naturally achieve better performance ratios.

The video then categorizes the three types of airships with clear engineering explanations: blimps (tensioned skin, can't scale indefinitely), semi-rigid (some structural support), and rigid body (internal structure, gas cells not overpressurized). His conclusion is direct — "it's this last option that is best suited for the cargo market."

The Proposed Titan

Muller proposes building a 388-meter-long rigid airship carrying 500 tons at 90 km/h — capable of transporting "two statues of Liberty at the speed you drive down the highway." This would be "the largest aircraft by far both in size and in how much weight it could carry."

"If built it would be the largest aircraft by far... not bad for an Airship"

The scale is staggering, but Muller frames it differently. The real opportunity isn't one airship — it's a fleet of thousands taking half the ocean freight market at truck-like pricing: 10 cents per ton-kilometer. That equals $650 billion in annual revenue.

"If that was all served by one company it would be the biggest company in the world by Revenue bigger than Apple or Amazon or Walmart"

This is where the argument becomes genuinely compelling. The market opportunity isn't marginal — it's massive. And unlike the luxury travel market (Airlander 10 targeting $200,000 per trip), cargo airships would move volume, not just wealthy tourists.

Where Reality Gets Complicated

The video doesn't hide the problems. The load exchange issue is fundamental: "when you release that heavy load because now the Airship is suddenly much lighter and so it wants to shoot up into the sky."

"Unless we can solve that problem we're kind of dead in the water in terms of airships for cargo"

Muller walks through proposed solutions — venting helium (impractical since helium is scarce), using propellers (burns too much fuel negating advantage), replacing weight with ballast. The hybrid approach used by Airlander 10 — combining Helium lift with aerodynamic lift — works for lighter payloads but loses the efficiency advantage for heavy cargo over long distances.

This transparency strengthens the argument. Muller isn't overselling; he's identifying real engineering constraints and explaining current research paths.

What This Means

The video's strongest contribution is reframing airships as infrastructure problem-solvers rather than novelty vehicles. They require "very little infrastructure" — just a flat surface to land on. This opens possibilities for connecting remote villages in Canada and Alaska, delivering disaster relief where roads have been destroyed, transporting oversized wind turbine blades that currently limit turbine power, and reaching French forests that can't be accessed by truck.

"Airships can connect parts of the world that have been disconnected forever."

The LTA research backed by Google co-founder Sergey Brin focuses specifically on disaster relief — using airships to rush rescue workers and supplies or provide cellular service from the sky. This isn't speculative future-thinking; it's immediate application.

Bottom Line

Muller's argument is strongest when he treats airships as economic infrastructure rather than technological novelty. The physics checks out, the market opportunity is enormous, and the use cases (disaster relief, remote logistics) are genuinely needed. His vulnerability is the same one that has kept airships grounded for decades: solving the load exchange problem at scale. Until someone figures out how to drop 60 tons of cargo without shooting a multi-million-dollar airship into the sky, the cargo market remains theoretical.

The carbon reduction argument — 90% less emissions than planes — is compelling but secondary. The primary case is economic: faster than ships, cheaper than planes, and available where no infrastructure exists. That's the kind of disruption that actually moves goods.

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Sources

Why airships might make a comeback

by Derek Muller · Veritasium · Watch video

airships seem like a bad idea exhibit a it's the greatest of Miracles that anyone came out of the disaster alive the Hindenberg was filled with over 200 million lers of hydrogen but it also had an iron oxide and aluminum powder coating on its outer shell two of the ingredients that make thermite a mixture that undergo such a strongly exothermic reaction it is used to weld train tracks together but even if airships weren't giant sacks of flammable gas encased in questionable Coatings they would still seem like a bad idea because they are big and slow but right now a handful of companies around the world are competing to build a new generation of airships so why are they doing it I came across the following argument in a blog by El Dorado and I found it compelling so I wanted to explore it think about how Goods all the different types of stuff are transported around the US a large amount of money is spent moving things around by airplane but this doesn't translate into a huge volume of goods because Air transport is really expensive it's the fastest way to get something from one place to another but you pay a premium for that speed if you want to save money you can transport your Goods on ships using the waterways in and around the country but that will be much slower still since it's significantly cheaper far more goods are transported this way and more money is spent on it overall rail provides an even better option it's faster than ships and cheaper than planes so more goods are sent by train than by air and water combined but by far the way that most goods are moved around the US is by truck what's interesting about this is that trucks are not as fast as planes they take several days to get across the country they are also not as cheap as ships but the combination of speed and price puts them in this sweet spot of cheap enough and fast enough which is why they transport the vast majority of goods they are like the baby bears porridge of transport options just right now consider how goods are transported internationally the only options are planes and ships again a lot of money is spent sending Goods by air but because it's so ...