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The (real) dead economy theory

Cory Doctorow delivers a stinging critique of modern finance by arguing that we are not witnessing a technological revolution, but a massive diversion of capital into speculative fantasies. While the public debates whether artificial intelligence will steal jobs, Doctorow insists the far more immediate danger is an economy where institutions abandon reality to chase "vibes" and memestocks, defunding actual science to fuel billionaire egos.

The Illusion of Value

Doctorow begins by dismantling the narrative of Elon Musk's post-2020 success, pointing out a stark contradiction between net worth and tangible output. He cites John Quiggin to highlight that while Musk's nominal wealth has exploded from $20 billion to $1 trillion since 2020, his actual commercial record is a string of failures involving assets that "literally exploded."

The (real) dead economy theory

The author writes, "the post-2020 Musk is the Musk of Starship, robotaxis, Cybertrucks and Twitter — a string of commercial flops and assets that literally exploded." This framing is effective because it separates market valuation from utility, forcing readers to confront the disconnect between stock prices and real-world value. Doctorow argues that we have entered an era where "financial markets fail in the task of valuing assets accurately," and the institutions meant to correct this have simply given up.

This logic extends beyond individual companies to the broader financial system. Doctorow notes that Bitcoin, once shunned by sober banks like Goldman Sachs, is now embraced not as currency but as a "tradeable collectible." He observes that "people have largely stopped calling it crypto currency because no one is even pretending that it's a form of money." This observation aligns with the breakdown of the Efficient-Market Hypothesis; if markets cannot distinguish between a useful tool and a speculative bubble, they cease to function as mechanisms for capital allocation.

The true risk of AI to your job isn't: "an AI will do your job." It's: "an AI salesman will exploit your boss's infinite horniness for replacing mouthy workers with pliable machines to sell him a chatbot that can't do your job, and then your boss will fire you and replace you with that inept, defective chatbot."

The Real Dead Economy

Doctorow critiques Owen McGrann's "Dead Economy Theory," which posits that AI will simply take all jobs. Doctorow argues this is a misdiagnosis of the problem. He contends that the real threat is not automation replacing labor, but capital being siphoned away from productive activity into speculative bubbles. The administration and corporate leaders are prioritizing the hype of artificial general intelligence over actual medical breakthroughs.

He describes a scenario where "horrified NIH lifers begged the DOGE boys not to shut down long-running medical research projects," only to be laughed at by those claiming that "GAI" is about to cure cancer. Doctorow writes, "You could hardly ask for a better example of investing in vibes over value than shutting down real cancer research to free up money for teaching more words to the word-guessing machine because it's about to become God and cure cancer."

This argument draws on Goodhart's Law: when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure. By targeting stock prices and hype metrics rather than health outcomes or productivity, the system optimizes for the wrong things. The author warns that "Goldman Sachs isn't merely all-in on crypto — it's all-in on the Spacex IPO," accepting claims that Musk's assets will grow one hundredfold in 40 months without evidence of underlying utility.

Critics might argue that speculative investment is a necessary fuel for high-risk innovation, and that we cannot know which "vibes" will eventually yield tangible results. However, Doctorow counters this by highlighting the active defunding of proven research to chase unproven theories. He states, "The actual dead economy risk is that our institutions and markets will continue to move capital from productive activity into memestocks, vibes, and bubbles."

That's not just a dead economy — it's one that'll kill everyone you love and everything that matters.

Bottom Line

Doctorow's most compelling contribution is reframing the AI anxiety from "will machines take our jobs" to "are we funding the wrong things?" His argument holds up well against historical precedents of financial bubbles, where valuation decouples from reality until a collapse occurs. The piece's greatest vulnerability lies in its reliance on specific, high-profile examples like Musk and DOGE, which may feel anecdotal to some, but the underlying mechanism of capital misallocation is a systemic issue that demands urgent attention.

Deep Dives

Explore these related deep dives:

  • Den of Thieves Amazon · Better World Books by James B. Stewart

  • Efficient-market hypothesis

    The article explicitly cites John Quiggin's argument that modern markets have abandoned this theory in favor of valuing assets based on speculative future sentiment rather than utility.

  • Enshittification

    This specific term coined by Cory Doctorow explains the 'vibes over value' degradation of platforms like Twitter (X) described as a commercial flop and money-furnace.

  • Goodhart's law

    The author illustrates how AI metrics become gamed targets that destroy real-world value, such as cutting cancer research to fund word-guessing machines, which is the core mechanism of this economic principle.

Sources

The (real) dead economy theory

by Cory Doctorow · Pluralistic · Read full article

Today's links.

The (real) dead economy theory: Vibes and memestocks, all the way down. Hey look at this: Delights to delectate. Object permanence: Jim Baen has had a stroke; Blame Apple for iTunes DRM; France v the internet; "Rotters"; 1901 undersea cables; Washington Post wants Trump coverage blackout; Taxes are for the little people; Gamer lifecycle; Ghanian postal song; "What Lies Beneath the Clock Tower": Murder of Jo Cox; 12 year old doxed by anti-vaxers; Hong Kong bookseller recants forced confession. Upcoming appearances: LA, Menlo Park, Toronto, NYC, Philadelphia, Chicago, London, Edinburgh, Brighton, South Bend. Recent appearances: Where I've been. Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em. Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em. Colophon: All the rest.

The (real) dead economy theory (permalink).

Here's a fun fact about Elon Musk: in 2020, his (nominal) net worth was $20b, and today it's $1t (nominally). But that's not the fun fact; this is: everything he's done since 2020 was a flop.

As John Quiggin writes, the pre-2020 Musk was the Musk of Tesla, batteries and Starlink. The post-2020 Musk is the Musk of Starship, robotaxis, Cybertrucks and Twitter – a string of commercial flops and assets that literally exploded. I would add that post-2020 Musk created the world's hungriest money-furnace, an automated child-porn production tool called "XAI":

https://crookedtimber.org/2026/06/15/one-big-grift/

Quiggin declares that this is the era in which "financial markets fail in the task of valuing assets accurately," and "the institutional structures that are supposed to make them work have given up trying." Nor did this start with the Spacex IPO. As Quiggin writes, Bitcoin and other cryptos were once shunned by nominally sober financial institutions like Goldman Sachs, but today, not only do all the big banks offer crypto services, people have largely stopped calling it cryptocurrency because no one is even pretending that it's a form of money. It's a tradeable collectible, not even particularly useful for paying for crimes or laundering money.

Spacex is just a continuation of the logic of crypto, in which something is valuable because some people think other people will pay more for it in the future, and not because it does useful things:

https://johnquiggin.com/2018/02/09/bitcoin-kills-the-efficient-market-hypothesis/

That's the logic of the whole market today. AI – the world's money-losingest technology – attracts investment at the expense of everything else. When horrified NIH lifers begged the DOGE boys not to shut down ...