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We're winning the war on the levelized cost of energy

This piece from Energy Bad Boys delivers a provocative verdict on one of the energy sector's most entrenched myths: that wind and solar are inherently the cheapest power sources. The article argues that the industry has finally moved past a decade of misleading metrics, shifting the debate from simple generation costs to the true price of reliability.

The Metric That Never Should Have Been

The editors open with a sharp critique of how Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) was weaponized by renewable advocates. They note that for years, journalists parroted claims that renewables were cheap "even without subsidies," largely because they didn't understand the metric's limitations. The piece asserts that LCOE was never designed to compare dispatchable fuel-based resources with intermittent weather-dependent ones.

We're winning the war on the levelized cost of energy

"LCOE ignored several things to simplify cost comparisons... and most importantly, it didn't assess system costs to incorporate new resources, such as transmission requirements," Energy Bad Boys reports. This is a crucial distinction often lost in public discourse. The metric was originally a "cost-of-generating" tool from the 1980s, treating every megawatt-hour as equal regardless of when it was produced.

The article highlights that this flaw became glaring once wind and solar entered the grid. By 2014, even the Energy Information Administration warned against comparing dispatchable and non-dispatchable technologies directly, yet the industry ignored the caveat. "Levelized cost comparisons overvalue intermittent generating technologies compared to dispatchable base load generating technologies," the piece cites economist Paul Joskow as stating back in 2011. This historical context is vital; it shows that the economic debate isn't new, but the political will to address it has been slow to catch up.

The problem was how the metric was (mis)used by wind and solar advocates to peddle the fiction that wind and solar were the cheapest forms of energy.

Critics might argue that ignoring LCOE entirely throws out a useful baseline for technology cost reductions. However, the article's counterpoint is strong: a cheap unit of electricity that cannot be delivered when needed is not economically valuable to the grid.

The Hidden Costs of Intermittency

The commentary shifts to how the industry is finally accounting for "hidden" costs like backup generation and transmission. Energy Bad Boys details their own evolution from standard LCOE analysis to a new framework they call the Always On Levelized Cost of Energy (AO-LCOE). This model incorporates the costs of overbuilding capacity, curtailing excess production, and maintaining reliability during low-wind or night-time periods.

The results are stark. In a report on Minnesota's carbon-free mandate, the editors found that when these system costs were added, the price for wind skyrocketed to $272 per megawatt-hour and solar to $472. "This was the first serious attempt by anyone to fully quantify the system costs of wind and solar," the piece argues. This connects directly to the concept of the "duck curve"—where midday solar overproduction crashes prices, only for demand to spike when the sun sets, requiring expensive peaker plants or storage that traditional LCOE ignores.

The article notes that even former proponents are retreating from pure LCOE arguments. Lazard, a firm famous for its annual reports championing renewables, has begun incorporating "Cost of Firming Intermittency" into its latest editions. Similarly, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) admitted in a recent report that transforming variable output into a dependable supply is critical for assessing true economics.

"Understanding the cost of this 'firming'... is therefore critical for assessing the full economics of renewables," IRENA stated, an admission the editors call "remarkable." While the article notes these new estimates are still likely too low, the shift in language signals a turning point where reliability is no longer an afterthought.

Bottom Line

Energy Bad Boys makes a compelling case that the era of using LCOE as a standalone argument for renewable dominance is ending. The strongest part of their analysis is the rigorous inclusion of system-level costs like curtailment and backup, which fundamentally alters the economic picture. However, the biggest vulnerability lies in the specific assumptions used to calculate these "firming" costs; different modeling approaches could yield significantly lower figures. Readers should watch whether major institutions fully adopt these comprehensive metrics or if they revert to cherry-picked data when political pressure mounts.

Using LCOE to argue for the 'low cost' of wind and solar has become one of the clearest indications that someone is either disingenuous, misinformed, or relying on an outdated understanding of power systems.

Deep Dives

Explore these related deep dives:

  • The End of Oil: On the Edge of a Perilous New World Amazon · Better World Books by Paul Roberts

  • Capacity factor

    The article argues that LCOE fails to account for the intermittent nature of wind and solar, a flaw directly explained by how capacity factor measures actual output against maximum potential.

  • Cost of electricity by source

    This specific annual report is cited as the primary industry source that popularized the misleading LCOE comparisons the authors claim to have debunked.

  • Duck curve

    Understanding this phenomenon illustrates the article's point about the hidden system costs and grid instability caused by high penetration of variable renewable energy sources.

Sources

We're winning the war on the levelized cost of energy

A quick note from Isaac: I’d like to thank everyone who reached out to me about Dad over the last few weeks. It’s been hard, but the support from this community has been great. Thank you.

A fun note: While making the cover art for this week’s piece, we landed on the concept of the Risk board and had the same thought — it would be fun to actually play a game with our readers, so we’re launching our first Energy Bad Boys Risk game this week for paid subscribers.

Sitting down for four or five hours isn’t realistic for most of us, so we’ll be using a simple web-based platform where players can take their turn whenever they have a few free minutes. You just log in once or twice a day, make your moves, and the game rolls along over a few weeks. We’ll only run one game to start, so spots are limited.

More details (how to join, exact start date, etc.) coming in a follow-up note to paid subscribers shortly.

We’re Winning the War on the Levelized Cost of Energy.

When we started in the energy industry over a decade ago, it was very common to hear the claim that “renewables are the cheapest energy sources,” based on Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) metrics. Many advocates added, “even without subsidies!”

These claims went largely uncontested for years, with journalists and the mainstream media eagerly parroting renewable advocates’ talking points with little understanding of what LCOE is—or how it was being used inappropriately.

This lopsided representation of LCOE in the press fueled our curiosity on the subject, prompting us to experiment with ways to correct for the shortcomings of the metric as early as 2019. Our 2023 series, which dismantled the myth that wind and solar are the cheapest forms of energy, was cited by Doomberg in their piece Debunking the Levelized Cost of Energy.

In fact, if not for that citation, this Substack probably wouldn’t exist. We had been sitting on the idea of launching Energy Bad Boys for months, but had not yet pulled the trigger. Doomberg’s citation provided the perfect opportunity to do so. It was now or never, and we chose now.

Fast forward to today, and using LCOE to argue for the “low cost” of wind and solar has become one of the clearest indications that someone is either disingenuous, misinformed, or ...