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You ask, i answer: We have never been woke faq

Musa al-Gharbi dismantles the comforting illusion that the political establishment is a battleground between the people and the elite, arguing instead that the entire government apparatus has been homogenized into a single class of professionals. His most striking claim is that for over two decades, every single U.S. president and their primary rivals have been "symbolic capitalists," a group defined not by industrial ownership but by their mastery of law, media, and credentials. This reframing forces a re-evaluation of why policy outcomes consistently favor the upper-middle class, regardless of which party holds the White House.

The Monopoly on Power

The core of al-Gharbi's argument is a direct challenge to the notion that traditional capitalists or the military hold the reins of power. He posits that the judiciary, legislature, and executive branch are all dominated by a specific professional caste. "Symbolic capitalists have an entire branch of government dedicated entirely to us," al-Gharbi writes, noting that the courts are composed exclusively of lawyers who use legal coding to protect wealth. This observation is crucial because it shifts the blame for inequality from abstract market forces to the specific mechanisms of the legal profession.

You ask, i answer: We have never been woke faq

He extends this logic to the legislative branch, pointing out that "more than 70 percent of House representatives are former white collar professionals," with the Senate showing even higher concentrations. The implication is that when these professionals legislate, they are primarily serving their own class interests. As al-Gharbi puts it, "symbolic capitalists are their core constituents." This framing is effective because it explains why economic stagnation persists despite decades of political campaigning; the people making the laws are structurally disconnected from the realities of the working class.

Symbolic capitalists aren't a distraction, we're the main event.

Critics might argue that this analysis underestimates the influence of billionaire donors and corporate lobbyists who sit outside the government. However, al-Gharbi anticipates this by arguing that the "1 percent" do not control a majority of wealth, and that the true power lies with the broader upper quintile who share the same professional background as the politicians.

The Myth of the Outsider

Perhaps the most provocative section of the commentary is al-Gharbi's dissection of the "outsider" narrative often applied to Donald Trump. He rejects the idea that Trump represents a break from the symbolic elite, arguing instead that his wealth was generated not through construction, but through media licensing and brand management. "Donald Trump is a symbolic capitalist through and through," al-Gharbi asserts, citing data suggesting his real-estate ventures were less profitable than a simple index fund investment. This is a bold move that strips away the populist veneer to reveal the underlying professional class dynamics.

He further argues that the relationship between Trump and the media was "highly symbiotic," with the symbolic professions profiting immensely from the attention economy he generated. "If it's a story about Trump, symbolic capitalists (the primary consumers of contemporary media content) eat it up," he writes. This insight explains the durability of his political influence: he was not an anomaly, but a product of the very system he claimed to oppose. The argument holds weight because it aligns with the observation that the last two decades have seen a "symbolic capitalists v. symbolic capitalists" dynamic in every presidential cycle.

The Homopluotic Elite

Al-Gharbi introduces the term "homopluotic" to describe a new form of elite dominance where individuals are simultaneously top wage earners and top capital earners. This dual advantage creates a class that is "resistant to shocks in labor markets on the one hand... and capital markets on the other." He argues that this group has become increasingly insulated, using elite education to "launder antecedent advantages into perceptions of 'merit'." This is a powerful critique of how the system justifies its own inequality.

The author notes that "the transition to the symbolic economy has correlated with elites growing increasingly homopluotic," creating a barrier that is harder to penetrate than in previous eras. While this analysis is compelling, it risks oversimplifying the role of traditional industrial capital, which still wields significant power in sectors like energy and manufacturing. Yet, the data on wealth concentration suggests that the gap between the top 1 percent and the rest is widening, with the symbolic elite capturing a disproportionate share of the gains.

The fact that many of our professions define the criteria for merit fundamentally selects for people with heavy antecedent advantages.

Bottom Line

Musa al-Gharbi's most significant contribution is his insistence that the "symbolic professions" are not just participants in the political system but its architects and primary beneficiaries. The argument's strength lies in its ability to explain why policy outcomes remain static despite changes in administration, but it may underestimate the friction between this professional class and the traditional industrial base. Readers should watch for how this "homopluotic" elite navigates the growing backlash against credentialism and the perceived disconnect between their lived experience and the broader public.

Sources

You ask, i answer: We have never been woke faq

Since the publication of We Have Never Been Woke, I’ve been blessed to travel around the U.S. and abroad and talk to different stakeholders about the book and its themes.

Through in-person events, social media engagement, and this Substack, I’ve gained a window into how folks are processing the arguments of the text. I’ve done tons of interviews with journalists and podcasters of all sorts of backgrounds to think through the implications and applications of the work. And the book has been reviewed widely, from prestige outlets, to political sites, to ideas focused publications, and beyond. I’ve been honored to discover that both the critical and commercial response has been overwhelmingly positive.

It's been raucous and contentious at times. It’s been alternatively exhausting and exhilarating. It’s been gratifying to see this thing that was a file on my computer now existing as an actual object in the world – an object that lots of people are engaging with, learning from, and making use of in their own domains.

Put simply: it's been a real privilege to think with all of you over the last five months about how the rise of the rise of the symbolic professions has transformed U.S. politics, economics and culture – and to wrestle over the historical, current and ideal future role of symbolic capitalists in society. Across all these discussions and domains, there were a handful of objections, and ideas that have consistently surfaced. This post will highlight questions and concerns that I think are most interesting and/or important to respond to. In the process, I’ll get to double-click on a few points that, in retrospect, I wish I’d have delved into a little more within the text itself.

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Why focus so intensely on symbolic capitalists for understanding contemporary society? What about the politicians, military leaders, and so on? Aren’t they the ones with the real power?.

The “we” in We Have Never Been Woke is a constellation of elites that I call symbolic capitalists – professionals who work in fields like finance, consulting, law, HR, education, media, science and technology. Starting in the interwar period, and accelerating after the 1960s, there were changes to the global order that radically enhanced the position of these elites and their professions in society — transforming the contours of social inequalities, their bases for legitimation, and much more.

According to some, my focus on this novel elite ...